SUDHARMONO : VICE PRESIDENT R.I 5 (1988-1993)

Born: Gresik, East Java, March 12, 1927

Religion: Moeslem

Education: elementary school, junior high, high school, PTHM / FH UI Pass (1962)

Experience: Secretary of State (15 Years), Chairman of Golkar (5 Years)LET Jend. (PUR) H. SUDHARMONO, S.H, became an orphan since childhood. His mother, Mrs. Sukarsi, died during the birth of the youngest brother Soedarmono (1930). His father, R. Worodirejo, followed six months later. Together with his two brothers, Soenar and Siti Sukarni, Soedarmono and joined his uncle who became village clerk Jombang.

In 1937, Soedarmono moved to Rembang, Central Java, lived with his grandfather, R. Soemodihardjo, retired assistant district officer. DHAR, call Soedarmono pass Elementary School (HIS) stayed with pakdenya in Semarang, then resume Junior high school Pendrik. Soedarmono take his high school while struggling, then he entered the Academy of Military Law / Military College (AHM / PTHM), and the Faculty of Law, University of Indonesia (graduated 1962). Being a judge advocate in Medan catch Supreme War Lord of staff officers.

Soedarmono Cabinet Secretary for Economic Stability concurrently Secretary (1966-1972). During dipemerintahan not like impressive closest to the President or by the people. Morale fostered since childhood never disappear. Sedharmono always remember, originally did not have anything, not even an orphan since the age of 3 years, and moved around the foster parents. But with hard work, diligent, careful and always draw closer to God Almighty, so managed to become the Vice President to V after Umar Wirahadikusuma.

UMAR WIRAHADIKUSUMA : VICE PRESIDENT R.I 4 (19 MARCH 1983-1988)

Born: Situradja, Sumedang, West Java, October 10, 1924.

Religion: Moeslem

Education: Elementary school, junior high school, high school, Padjadjaran University, courses there.

Experience: Regional Commander V / Jaya Kasad, Chairman of the CPC.

Jend. (Ret) Wirahadikusuma, start education at the time of the Japanese army in Seinendojo, Tangerang, West Java, and then to the map. Early the following year as deputy chief of staff Regiment X, Tasikmalaya with the rank of Captain, thus serving as an aide. After that guards the Siliwangi Division, to become commander of Regiment X / Galuh Siliwangi Division.

He also had been Commander Centre Cavalry, and Pangdam XV / Pattimura in Maluku, when the rank of Lt. Commander orderly Combat Siliwangi (1958), then became commander KMKB (Command Meliter Large City) Jakarta Raya, He rose to Colonel and two weeks later served Jakarta Military Commander.

Umar considered successful quell G.30 S / PKI (1965) when the Regional Commander V / Jaya, therefore he was made Pangkostrad replace Major General Suharto. Some time later given a new assignment as Pangkolaga (the Commander of Mandala Standby). His job is successful, so that later became Chief of Staff (1969-1973).

Following from Kasad already prepared a new task for Umar, led the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK). Many cases handled by the CPC when under his leadership. But because Omar does not like fanfare that his success was only a few people know. Clearly, the person who put them there confident on the achievements of Umar. That is why after the CPC assignment runs out (1983), Umar Wirahadikusuma elected President R.I to IV.

Umar Wirahadikusuma elected as the vice president without the unexpected, because at that time Umar did not show signs of ambition for office.

ADAM MALIK VICE PRESIDENT R.I 3 : (29 MARCH 1978 - 15 MARCH 1983)

Born: Siantar, North Sumatera, July 22, 1917

Died: Jakarta, 5 September 1984

Religion: Moeslem

Education: Self-learning (self-taught)

Experience: Chairman of MPR / DPR; Chairman of the UN General Assembly

H. ADAM MALIK, only primary school education (HIS) and Islamic elementary schools, then learn on their own. From childhood ideals want to be a politician, it is in conflict with the will of the father, H. Abdul Malik Coal, which expects Adam to become traders. So often at night Adam often sneak out of the house just to listen to a political speech.

Figures with nicknames continues crochet deer career, to succeed seat Partindo Siantar at the age of 17 years (1934-1935). Adam increasingly orbits in the time of independence, he was elected chairman KNIP III (1945-1947), after founding the People's Party (1962). Murba Party (1946-1948), and is also believed to be the head of the Indonesian delegation at the talks Indonesia - Netherlands, Irian Barat (1962).

Son Siantar it in 1966 in a row as the Deputy Minister of Perana II / Foreign Minister ad interim, Deputy Premier II Social and Political affairs / Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Presidium of Political Affairs and the Foreign Minister. The post of Foreign Minister even continuously entrusted to him until 1977, between that time he also became chairman of the UN General Assembly to 26, in New York (1971). He is the only Indonesian who had occupied the post.When elected as chairman of the MPR / DPR only lived 5 months, hurried won the trust as Vice President replaces the lane IX.

HAMENGKU BUWONO IX : VICE PRESIDENT R.I 2 (1973-1978)

Birth: Yogyakarta, 12 April 1912

Died: Washington DC, October 2, 1988

Religion: Moeslem

Education: Primary (Yogyakarta), Junior Secondary School (Semarang), High School (Bandung), University (The Netherlands)

Experience: A Javanese King, Governor, Minister of the Cabinet.

SRI SULTAN Hamengkubuwana IX, the One king Nusantara The consequent and consistent support of the Republic of Indonesia since the first day, even since ia Still Candidate crown prince, he is a rare figure in Indonesia. People lie scramble Want To Be Officials, ia fact refused lifted Again taxable income Yang First tenure as Vice President of Consumables, although generally kings ITU Authoritarian ruling. And the attitude of democratic action Sultan singer.

Gusti Raden MasDorodjatun, thus the name Small lane IX, IN in 1930 when studying at Rijkuniveriteit, the Netherlands, has put up the symbol of the struggle of Indonesian independence, red and white flag. By society Yogyakarta, Sri Sultan called Ngarso Dalem OR Sinuwun. Evidence struggle NOT Bit. When Meliter Requires Headquarters in Yogyakarta, ia provides kepatihan Ward as his headquarters. Also Sultan mengikhlaskan when Indonesia's capital position Move to Yogya (1946) BECAUSE state jakarta The Increasingly Not Safe By Disorders Netherlands.

When the Vice President turned Back Starting Position In 1972, Sri Sultan Elected to review first time. After his job running, Sri Sultan then proceeded hearts devotion dharma different community organizations, such as Scouts and KONI Already blazed since Young. Big names lane IX NO Only fragrant For the Indonesian nation, but by international society.

DR. MOHAMMAD HATTA : VICE PRESIDENT R.I 1 : (1945-1956)

Born: Bukit Tinggi, West Sumatra, August 12, 1902.

Died: Jakarta, March 14, 1980

Religion: Moeslem

Education: elementary, junior high schools, (BukitTinggaPadang), upper secondary schools in Jakarta, College of the Netherlands

Experience: Writer / Columnist, Warrior Politics Diplomatic, founder of the new PNI, proclaimed Republic of Indonesia.

Dr. Mohammad Hatta name is always fragrant of all time. He included a figure most straight in the leadership of Indonesia's independence. Moreover, his works are great and fundamental, not undermined by friction progress.

Bung Hatta, as he is usually called, was born of a descendant of the famous scholars in West Sumatra. His first name Mohammad Attar. Because the Minang people are generally difficult to call the letter 'r', calling children originally expected to be Kyai had turned into Atta, and Hatta.

Since Elementary School in Hatta Bukittingi ordinary savers, carefully and honestly. When the first secondary school in Padang, he began learning to organize and write to the media. Junior high school graduation Hatta continued to Trade High School in Jakarta, graduated in 1921, and Rotterdam, the Netherlands, studied high school Economics. Talent orbit organization itself became chairman of the Association of Indonesia (1962-1930). When that Hatta and his friends had popularized the name of Indonesia and independence struggles in various world forums. Consequently Hatta and his friends sent to prison in Den Hagg (1927), but they can defend themselves, court freed them of all charges (March 22, 1928).

Tahun1932 Bung Hatta returned to their homeland, and plunge into the political arena for independence. He founded the National Education Indonesia (PNI), but then the Dutch him to prison Glodok. From there successively exiled to Boven Digul (Irian Jaya), bandanaire (Maluku) and Sukabumi (West Java), until then the Japanese came keindonesia.

Towards the proclamation of independence of Indonesia, Bung Hatta and Sukarno soared to figure leading Indonesa, that's why he obtained a mandate sparked the proclamation of August 17, 1945, Yang tomorrow Sukarno and Mohammad Hatta was elected President and Vice President first, and they are known as Duumvirate , But on December 1, 1956 Bung Hatta resigned from the position of Vice President for reasons undisclosed until he died on March 14, 1980.

Dr. Mohammad Hatta, also known as a character called Mr. Koperasi Indonesia on his thoughts about the clauses of the 1945 Constitution, on which the economy of invertebrates cooperative, berazas kinship.

SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO

Indonesian President VI: 2004-2009. This big tall man getting his name fluttered in the era of President Wahid. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, even Gusdur at the time had called the four-star general as a presidential candidate who has okay.

Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, commonly called a press with SBY, was born in Pacitan, Central Java, on September 9, 1949. military career began to soar after SBY became the platoon commander in the Airborne Infantry Battalion 330 in 1974.

SBY then became a platoon commander of Battalion 330 in 1996, and in 1981 became the Army Headquarters Operations Officer. Tahun1996 SBY served as Chief Ministry Of Military Observer in Bosnia Herzegovina, and jumped into Assospol Kassospol TNI.

In the era of Gus Dur, SBY position of the Minister of Mines and Energy (Mentamben). SBY known Low Profile, Wahid was also appointed as a negotiator (representing the government) with the first family to restore the wealth of Suharto.

When Gusdur tip of the horn, the President appointed a coordinating minister Polsoskam and control edict issued Dusdur assessing the political state of emergency. SBY rejected the presidential decree implementing the plan. It does not make the star dimmed. SBY even be a candidate in the SI MPR vice president in late July 2001. It then became the Coordinating Minister for Political, Social and Security Mutual Cooperation Cabinet of President Megawati Sukarnoputri, (August 9, 2001-2004), the Joint Yusuf Kalla became the leading candidate of President and Vice President in the presidential stage II then win it. Yudhoyono and Yusuf Kalla officially sworn in as President and Vice President on October 20, 2004.

MEGAWATI SOEKARNO PUTRI : PRESIDENT R.I 5 : (2001-2004)

Born: Jakarta, January 23, 1964.

Religion : Moeslem

Education: Primary School - High School, College Cikini, Jakarta. Lecture Unpad Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Physiology, University of Indonesia.

Experience: Chairman of the PDI (PDI Munaslub 1993); Chairman of the PDI-P (1999-present), Vice President (1999-2001)

DYAH PERMATA MEGAWATI SOEKARNO PUTRI, skipped past his education from elementary school through high school in college Cikini, Jakarta. Megawati, who had studied at the Faculty of Agriculture and Physiology at the UI can not complete his studies because of the political turmoil after the seizure of power from Sukarno by Suharto in 1966.

Apparently the government does not want Megawati became the leader of a political cause with the appearance of megawati feared would threaten Soeharto. In many ways the Soeharto regime Continuously trying to displace Megawati from PDI. Towards the PDI congress was held in 1996 in Medan, in penghelatan it, Soeryani former chairman of PDI PDI raised again became chairman replaces the Mega. Mega supporters angry and occupying the PDI headquarters. Then there was the event known as the July 27 incident.

After the fall of Soeharto, Megawati who inherited her father's charisma to appear again before the 1999 elections turned into a PDI Megawati's PDI-Struggle (PDIP). In democratic elections, the PDI-P won the election by gaining 154 seats in Parliament. But he can not compete with Gusdur in the Presidential election in the Assembly session. Only after Gusdur dropped Parliament, because of the scandal Bullogate and Brunaigate, Megawati as vice president elected to replace K. H. Aburrahman Wahid became president of the RI V.

K.H ABDURRAHMAN WAHID : PRESIDENT R.I 4 : (1999-2001)

Born: Denanyar, Jombang, East Java, 4 August 1940.

Religion : Moeslem

Education: Elementary School, Jakarta (1953); SMEP, Yogyakarta (1956); Pesantren Tambak, Jombang (1959-1963); Department og Higher Islamic and Arabic Studies, Al-Azhar University, Cairo; Faculty of Letters, University of Baghdad, Iraq (1970)

Experience: Teacher Madrasah Mu'alimat, Tambakberas, Jombang (1959-1963); Lecturer and Dean of the Faculty of Islamic Theology University Hasyim Ashari, Jombang (1974-1979); Caregiver Pesantren Ciganjur, South Jakarta (1979-Present); Chairman of the Nahdlatul Ulama Tanfidziyah PB (1984-1998).

Gusdur, so K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid was called, a young cleric who likes humor. Supple outgoing, open attitude. Many have put great hope when he was elected chairman of the NU NU to 27 at boarding Salafiah Safi'yah Sukorejo, Situbondo, East Java. Moreover, since the Congress, NU officially returned to NU Khittah 1926. That would leave the practical politics and no organizational ties with the PPP.

People who can not see perfectly this might be the only president in the world democratically elected by the people's representatives. The composition of the House of Assembly election results in 1999 apparently prefer to choose Gusdur, and are reluctant to vote for Megawati Soekarno Putri, The only competitor at the time, for reasons of gender.

The eldest of six children A. Wahid Hasyim, former minister of religion, many holding positions that are advisory teams in the various departments, among others: the Department of Cooperatives (1984), Department of Religion (1985). Gusdur married to Shinta Nuriyah 1968. They had four children.

B. J. HABIBIE : PRESIDENT R.I 3 : (1998-1999)

Born: Pare-Pare, South Sulawesi, June 25, 1936

Religion : Moeslem

Education: Elementary school, junior high school, senior high school, Bandung (1954); earned a Diploma Ingenieur majors Aircraft Construction Rheinisc-Westflaelische Tegnische, Aachen, West Germany.

Experience: Assistant Science Research Institute of the Technische Rheinisc Light Construction, Aachen, West Germany (1960-1965); State Minister for Research and Technology (1978); President Director of PT Pal, Surabaya (1978); BPPT Chairman; Chairman of ICMI.

Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie, became president on May 21, 1998 replace General Suharto, who resigned because they were forced back by the people. Previously, B.J. Being vice President Habibie seventh 1998-2003 period, but he only took office for approximately two months.

In the age of 13 years, Rudy, said Habibie called, left his father's death, Alwie Abdul Jalil Habibie, the former head of the agriculture department in South Sulawesi. His mother, RA Tutu Marini Puspowardjo from Yogyakarta who advocate Habibie to go to Bandung to enter junior high school, then he followed after his son's second grade high school. A year at the ITB, the efforts of his mother, Habibie P & K was awarded a scholarship to study in western Germany. Engineering degree machine and aircraft construction in reach Habibie at the age of 21 years, he then continue his study again at their own expense. Time passed, Habibie the first outside Germany, after World War II that made the thesis about aeronautics.

Habibie then worked as a research assistant at the Technische Hocheschule (TH) Aachen, he produced designs submarines in (Deep Sea), railway carriages, also room temperature and high pressure from the atomic reactor to center Julich. As a scholar, then vice president Messrchumitt Bolkow-Blohm (MBB), he designed several types of aircraft, including projects of satellites and missiles.

In 1974, because of intelligence Habibie made president Soeharto mamanggilnya return to Indonesia. Subsequently he was appointed adviser to the President, leading the Technology Division Adveced Pertamina, which is the forerunner of BPPT and pioneering aircraft industry in Bandung. He also managed to make the first Indonesian CN-235 aircraft.

B.J Habibie step down as President on October 20, 1999 because accountability is not accepted by the general session of the Assembly in 1999.

SOEHARTO : PRESIDENT R.I 2 (1968-1998)

Born : Kemusuk, Argamulyo, Yogyakarta, June 8, 1921.

Religion : Moeslem

Education: Elementary school in Twir, Yogyakarta, and Solo Wuryantoro; Junior high school and religious school in Wonogiri and Yogyakarta (1935-1939); NCO School in Gombong, Central Java (1941).

Experience: Exemplary soldier (1941-1942); Surela police and the Army Map (1942-1945); Guards Commander Soedirman; General Offensive leaders seize the capital city of Yogyakarta (March 1, 1949); Commander Army Strategic Reserve Command and Commander While Army (up to 1965); Commander of the Army (1966); Chairman of the Presidium of the Cabinet Ampera (1966).

Soeharto, born of married couples Sukirah and Kertoredjo. It used to be the old man's just hope his only son home to help in the fields. Gratitude that can continue into ulu-ulu positions in their villages, Kemusuk, Argomulyo, Yogyakarta.

Mr. Suharto must make every effort to get schools, primary schools and secondary schools completed until the first few times moved from Twir, Yogyakarta, Wuryantoro, Solo, Wonogiri and Yogyakarta. Besides, he still managed a religious school, in order to gain knowledge and ideals to worship one god almighty. Then, as called to defend the homeland, Suharto, the country boy continued NCO school in Deal.

Once elected as an exemplary soldier, commander rank it shortly became a sergeant. In the era of Suharto pack Japanese police entered, and then moved to map to the rank of commander of the pioneer. He officially became members of the military on October 5, 1945 when he was 24 years old. Until the last rank of General.

Tasks that once carried by Mr. Suharto, among others; Guards commander Sudirman great; Leading the attack to seize the capital of Indonesia Yogyakarta (March 1, 1949); Commander Mandala / West Irian Liberation (1962-1963), and crush the 30 september 1965 / PKI. The final task that he did based on a warrant March eleven (Supersemar). On that success, then MPRS lifting of general Suharto became president of Indonesia both replacing Sukarno.

As a statesman, Mr. Suharto long a role model among the governments of countries of Southeast Asia (ASEAN). One success is control of the Republic of Indonesia as the largest archipelago country in the world that bependuduk very diverse and very diverse customs. Over the past 20 years without any significant conflict, was previously always noisier.

Success was an opportunity to build a plan and sustainable manner. In the International arena, Indonesia has gained the trust, with the increasing number of co-operation with developing countries. With the enterprising spirit of learning, worship diligently and continually devoting themselves to the nation, it was Suharto children were very bersahaya farmer from the village managed to be a good statesman.

DR. IR. H. SOEKARNO : PRESIDENT R.I 1 : ( 1945-1966 )

Born : Blitar, East Java, June 6, 1901

Death : Jakarta, June 21, 1970

Religion : Moeslem

Education : High School junior high / high school in Surabaya, ITB in Bandung

Experience : Writer / Columnist and political fighter / Diplomatic; Founder PNI (July 4, 1927); Proklamator R.I

Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno born of the royal line of Java, a small time later named Kusno familiar with Bung Karno calls only. He was only a few years of living happily with his parents in Blitar. Graduated primary school live in Surabaya, lodgers in the house H.O.S. Cokrominoto, veteran politician figure Islamic Shari'a. While learning, Soekarno galvanizing spirit of nationalism.

Graduated junior high school, continue their education Soekarno ITB in Bandung. After earning his degree in 1926 I.r, H.O.S Tjokroaminoto take it as law. Soekarno then set up the PNI (Indonesian National Party, 1927) and succeeded in formulating a doctrine Marhaen.

Feeling concerned, the Dutch colonialists and then throw Sukarno to prison Sukamiskin, Bandung (December 29, 1929). Eight months later a new trial in court charged with taking part in an organization that aims to commit crimes in addition to efforts toppled the Dutch East Indies. In his defense entitled Indonesia sued, bravely Bung Karno expose apostasy more advanced nations who claim it. In 1933, the Netherlands dispose of Bung Karno to Endeh Flores, then move it to Bengkulu.

In the days of Japan Bung Karno anticipate elder brothers were greedy. Pretended to cooperate, but to use it for the benefit of Indonesia. Bung Karno and Bung Hatta proclaimed Indonesia's independence on August 17, after Japan to its knees on allies.

at the plenary session PPKI set 1945 as the constitution of RI and chose Soekarno and Hatta as president and first vice-president of Indonesia. With the proclamation of independence of Indonesia, Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of thousands of different ethnic and religious mores in the 17,000 islands from Sabang to Merauke successfully incorporated into a sovereign nation.

Having succeeded in uniting the country, Sukarno tried to gather the nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America when it was generally colonized, becoming a force to be fair, prosperous, and peaceful. Together with other statesmen, Soekarno Asia-Africa Conference held in Bandung (1955). Now berekembang to Non-bloc hundreds of countries.

Once inside a protracted domestic discord as a result of a number of politicians to impose the implementation of liberal parliamentary democracy, on 5 July 1959 President Soekarno issued a presidential decree back to the 1945 Constitution of Unity and integrity of the people whole again.

But then the Bung Karno implement political system Nasakom (National, Religion, Communists). Political opponents have repeatedly reminded the Bung Karno not to give the opportunity of developing communism, because it will betray it as he had done in 1962 and 1948. Concern was evident again, PKI coup (30 September 1965). But despite pressed. President Soekarno was reluctant to disband the PKI. After a severe state, on 11 March 1966 before he issued a warrant to the general Suharto, better known as Supersemar, to take action, which then disperse the CPI up by the roots.

Toward the end of bhaktinya, proclaimer had said, "I just step forward, this country will be destroyed". he did not budge one bit. Melting himself better than the nation and the country is destroyed.

Although it is now gone, but the great man is undying, eternal in the hearts of the people of Indonesia. it was thanks to his services to the nation's infinite.

STATE GOVERNMENT INDONESIA

The state government of Indonesia under Pancasila Democracy. Democracy means government of the people, by the people and for the people. Pancasila Democracy means democracy based on consultation and consensus.

Indonesian government set up decentralized, with the division of administrative area consisting of 32 provinces, more than 273 counties, 63 cities, 6 cities administration, 4,010 sub-districts and villages 65 295 (2004). Government decentralization begun practiced when enacted law number 32 of 1999 on local government on January 1, 2001. The authority of the district in managing regional autonomy began to hold a very important role.

SHAPE OUR COUNTRY

Indonesian state shaped the Republic of Indonesia with Pancasila which has a motto of "Bhineka Tunggal Ika" even though the meaning of different ethnic groups, religions, languages, and customs, yet one also

THE NAME OF COUNTRY

The name of our country is the Republic of Indonesia with the number of over 17,508 islands. State of Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world. Indonesia is located at 6 NL - 11 SL and 95 EL - 141 EL. Located on the equator. The total area of Indonesia totaled 5,193,252 square km. And a population of approximately 203 005 inhabitants (based on the 2002 census)